President Trump’s cabinet is more white and male than any cabinet since Ronald Reagan’s. Below is a list of appointees for top posts in the new administration. How each senator voted on confirmation votes »

Rex W. Tillerson

Secretary of State

The president and chief executive of Exxon Mobil would oversee a department that has centered on alliance building and globalism, which Mr. Trump has said he would dismantle. Read more »

Mr. Tillerson was sharply questioned on his views on Russia, where he has had close business ties. He expressed reservations on climate change and said that he did not view it as the imminent national security threat that some others did.

Steven Mnuchin

Treasury Secretary

The former Goldman Sachs executive would be responsible for government borrowing in financial markets. He would also be involved in assisting with any rewrite of the tax code and carrying out or lifting financial sanctions against foreign enemies. Read more »

Democrats on the Senate Finance Committee pressed Mr. Mnuchin on his use of offshore tax havens, his initial failure to disclose almost $100 million in assets and charges that a company he ran was overly aggressive in foreclosing on homes.

James N. Mattis

Defense Secretary

The retired general would shape the fight against the Islamic State while overseeing a military that is struggling to put in place two Obama-era initiatives: integrating women into combat roles and allowing transgender people to serve openly. Read more »

General Mattis diverged from Mr. Trump on several issues during his hearing, striking a tougher stance on Russia and a more supportive one on NATO and saying that he supported the Iran nuclear agreement.

Jeff Sessions

Attorney General

The senator from Alabama supports strict immigration enforcement and measures tough on crime. He would be responsible for carrying out Mr. Trump's “law and order” platform and could change how civil rights laws are enforced. Read more »

During the first day of his hearing, Mr. Sessions said that the law “absolutely” prohibits waterboarding, and he offered no hints about a workaround to reinstate it. On the second day, testimony from Representative John Lewis, a Georgia Democrat and civil rights leader, highlighted the racial undertones of Mr. Sessions’s nomination.

Ryan Zinke

Interior Secretary

The representative from Montana and onetime Navy SEAL commander would decide the fate of Obama-era rules that stop public land development; curb the exploration of oil, coal and gas; and promote wind and solar power on public lands. Read more »

When asked about climate change during his hearing, Mr. Zinke broke with Mr. Trump, saying that he did not believe it was a hoax.

Sonny Perdue

Agriculture Secretary

The former governor of Georgia would run a department that oversees America's farming industry, inspects food quality and provides income-based food assistance. He would also have partial responsibility to carry out Mr. Trump's positions on trade. Read more »

Wilbur Ross

Commerce Secretary

The investor, whose fortune is estimated by Forbes at $2.9 billion, has said the United States must free itself from the “bondage” of “bad trade agreements,” and has advocated threats to impose steep tariffs on China. Read more »

During his hearing, Mr. Ross said he would prioritize making sweeping changes to the North American Free Trade Agreement, one of Mr. Trump's campaign promises.

R. Alexander Acosta

Labor Secretary

Mr. Trump chose Mr. Acosta, a Florida law school dean and former assistant attorney general for civil rights, as his second labor secretary nominee, the day after Mr. Puzder withdrew from consideration. Mr. Acosta is the only Hispanic in Mr. Trump’s cabinet. Read more »

During his confirmation hearing, Mr. Acosta vowed not to allow partisanship to shape the department. A 2008 report found that a Justice Department division run by Mr. Acosta had violated federal law by taking political affiliations into account in hiring employees.

Tom Price

Health and Human Services Secretary

Mr. Price, a Republican representative from Georgia and an orthopedic surgeon, has led the opposition to the Affordable Care Act in Congress. In this role he would help Mr. Trump achieve one of his central campaign promises: the act's repeal and replacement. Read more »

Mr. Price said in his first hearing that repealing the Affordable Care Act would not leave millions without health insurance, but he gave few details about the administration’s plans to replace the law. During his second hearing, he faced heated questioning over his trading of medical and pharmaceutical stocks.

Ben Carson

Secretary of Housing and Urban Development

The former neurosurgeon would oversee fair-housing laws, the development of affordable housing and access to mortgage insurance. He has stressed individual effort, not government programs, as the key to overcoming poverty. Read more »

During his hearing, Mr. Carson faced pointed questions about past remarks on the dangers of federal assistance. “Safety net programs are important," he said. "I would never advocate abolishing them without having an alternative for people to follow."

Elaine L. Chao

Transportation Secretary

Ms. Chao, who was labor secretary under President George W. Bush, would oversee Mr. Trump’s campaign pledge to increase funding to rebuild America's transportation infrastructure. Read more »

Ms. Chao's nomination has faced little opposition from lawmakers. She spent most of her hearing promising to further study the issues she will oversee.

Rick Perry

Energy Secretary

The former Texas governor, who in 2011 proposed scrapping the Energy Department while he was seeking the Republican nomination for president, would be responsible for protecting and managing the nation's arsenal of nuclear weapons. Read more »

During his hearing, Mr. Perry said that he regretted suggesting that the Energy Deparment be abolished, and he reversed his previous comments denying human-caused climate change, saying, "I believe some of it is naturally occurring, but some of it is also caused by man-made activity."

Betsy DeVos

Education Secretary

The former chairwoman of the Michigan Republican Party and an activist for school choice would oversee a department that Mr. Trump has said he wants to drastically shrink by shifting responsibilities to state and local governments. Read more »

In her highly partisan hearing, Ms. DeVos was criticized by Democrats for wanting to “privatize” public education but praised by Republicans for her support of charter schools and vouchers.

David J. Shulkin

Secretary of Veterans Affairs

Mr. Trump has chosen Mr. Shulkin, the current under secretary for health at the agency. Mr. Trump has argued that the Obama administration neglected the country’s veterans, and he has called improving their care a top priority. Read more »

Mr. Shulkin, an uncontroversial pick, promised during his confirmation hearing that he would not privatize veterans’ health care.

John F. Kelly

Homeland Security Secretary

If Mr. Trump makes good on his promises of widespread deportations and building a wall, the retired four-star Marine general will be responsible for carrying them out. Read more »

During his remarkably subdued hearing, General Kelly appeared to put concerns to rest over Mr. Trump’s more contentious stances, like forcing Muslims to register with the federal government.

Mike Pompeo

C.I.A. Director

The representative from Kansas and former Army officer would have to decide whether to undo a new C.I.A. “modernization” plan, and how to proceed if Mr. Trump orders a resumption of harsh interrogation tactics for terrorism suspects. Read more »

Mr. Pompeo said that as C.I.A. director, he would pursue information about Russian interference into the American election. He said emphatically that he would not endorse torture, a reversal from past statements.

Nikki R. Haley

U.N. Ambassador

The governor of South Carolina would be the primary face of America to the world, representing the country’s interests at the Security Council on a host of issues that include Middle East peace and nuclear proliferation. Read more »

Ms. Haley's nomination has faced little opposition from lawmakers. During her hearing, she criticized the United Nations’ relationship with Israel and said that Russia was guilty of war crimes in Syria.

Scott Pruitt

E.P.A. Administrator

The Oklahoma attorney general is a close ally of the fossil fuel industry and has taken on the E.P.A. directly in his current job. He would oversee an agency that the president has vowed to dismantle “in almost every form.” Read more »

During his hearing, Mr. Pruitt said he disagreed with Mr. Trump’s statement that climate change was a “hoax." He criticized federal environmental regulations, emphasizing a states-based approach.

Linda McMahon

Small Business Administration

The former chief executive of World Wrestling Entertainment would oversee an agency that guarantees loans for small businesses, helps them get government contracts and supports their interests on Capitol Hill. Read more »

Ms. McMahon, who was introduced and endorsed by two Democratic senators, faced a smooth hearing. She emphasized her entrepreneurial background and said she would fight against restrictive government regulations on businesses.

Mick Mulvaney

Director of the Office of Management and Budget

The conservative representative from South Carolina, a proponent of deep spending cuts, would help provide guidance with several of Mr. Trump's priorities, including a repeal of the Affordable Care Act, a tax overhaul and large investments in infrastructure. Read more »

During his hearing, Mr. Mulvaney promised to tackle wasteful government spending and the nation's debt. His toughest questioning came from Senator John McCain, Republican of Arizona, who asked Mr. Mulvaney about his record of voting for cuts to military spending.

Dan Coats

Director of National Intelligence

Mr. Coats served on the Senate intelligence and armed services committees while representing Indiana. Some in Mr. Trump's orbit believe that the job, overseeing the entire military and civilian intelligence apparatus, is superfluous. Read more »

During his confirmation hearing, Mr. Coats promised to continue examining Russia’s meddling in the election and to cooperate with investigations by Congress.

Robert Lighthizer

U.S. Trade Representative

The international lawyer served as a trade official under President Reagan. His role would include opposing new trade deals, trying to rewrite old ones and bolstering enforcement of trade agreements that Mr. Trump sees as unfair. Read more »

Andrew F. Puzder

Labor Secretary

Withdrew

The fast food executive withdrew his nomination to be President Trump’s labor secretary amid growing doubts among Republican senators that he can be confirmed. Read more »

Congressional Democrats, along with labor organizations and other groups, waged a particularly aggressive campaign against Mr. Puzder.

Kevin Hassett

Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers

The pro-immigration economist currently works at American Enterprise Institute and previously advised Senator John McCain and Mitt Romney. The head of the council advises the president on economic policy.

Reince Priebus

White House Chief of Staff

Appointed

The departing chairman of the Republican National Committee is known as a dealmaker and is close with the House speaker, Paul D. Ryan. His role will be key in a White House run by Mr. Trump, who has no experience in making policy. Read more »

Stephen K. Bannon

Chief Strategist

Appointed

Mr. Bannon is a right-wing media executive who has been criticized as representing racist views as the former head of Breitbart News. Mr. Trump said that he would be “working as equal partners” with Mr. Priebus, the incoming chief of staff. Read more »

Jared Kushner

Senior adviser to the president

Appointed

A major developer in New York, Mr. Kushner is married to Mr. Trump’s daughter Ivanka and has been a close adviser to the president. Mr. Kushner's appointment to the senior White House role could test anti-nepotism laws. Read more »

Michael T. Flynn

National Security Adviser

Resigned

The retired Army lieutenant general resigned after it was revealed that he had misled Vice President Mike Pence and other top White House officials about his conversations with the Russian ambassador to the United States. He held the position for less than a month. Read more »

Thomas P. Bossert

Homeland Security Adviser

Appointed

A top national security aide to President George W. Bush, Mr. Bossert now runs a risk management consulting firm and is a senior fellow at the Atlantic Council research institution. The position will be equal in status to the national security adviser. Read more »

Kellyanne Conway

Counselor

Appointed

Mr. Trump's campaign manager, confidante and spokeswoman, Ms. Conway also has a background in polling and may rely on these skills to keep tabs on public sentiment as she helps set the president's agenda. Read more »

Carl Icahn

Special Adviser on Regulatory Reform

Appointed

The billionaire investor and famed “corporate raider” will oversee Mr. Trump's promised effort to unwind as many regulations on business as he can. Read more »

Donald F. McGahn II

White House Counsel

Appointed

The Washington lawyer may have an unusually daunting job as the president’s adviser on legal matters, given Mr. Trump’s far-reaching business empire and potential conflicts of interest. Read more »

Peter Navarro

Director of Trade and Industrial Policy

Appointed

The professor, who has been a staunch critic of current Chinese economic policies, is the only credentialed economist in Mr. Trump’s inner circle. He will direct a new internal council overseeing White House trade and industrial policy. Read more »

Sean Spicer

Press Secretary and Special Assistant to the President

Appointed

Mr. Spicer was the longtime spokesman for the Republican National Committee and top aide to Mr. Priebus. Mr. Spicer will be the face of the White House, framing messaging, responding to stories of the day and briefing the press. Read more »

H.R. McMaster

National Security Adviser

Appointed

General McMaster is seen as one of the Army’s leading intellectuals. As a commander, he was credited with demonstrating how a different counterterrorism strategy could defeat insurgents in Iraq. Read more »